Files
mysql-backup/test_backup_restore.sh
2025-12-22 15:38:54 +00:00

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23 KiB
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#!/bin/bash
# ============================================================================
# MySQL 8.0.24 备份恢复自动化测试脚本
# ============================================================================
# 作者: AI Assistant
# 版本: 1.0.0
# 说明: 自动化测试备份和恢复功能
#
# 测试流程:
# 1. 创建测试数据库和测试数据
# 2. 执行全量备份
# 3. 添加增量数据
# 4. 执行增量备份
# 5. 删除测试数据库
# 6. 从全量备份恢复
# 7. 应用增量备份
# 8. 验证数据完整性
# 9. 清理测试数据
#
# 使用方法:
# ./test_backup_restore.sh [选项]
#
# 选项:
# --skip-cleanup 测试后不清理数据
# --verbose 显示详细输出
# -h, --help 显示帮助信息
#
# 注意:
# - 测试会创建临时数据库 'backup_test_db'
# - 请确保 MySQL 用户有创建/删除数据库的权限
# - 测试完成后会自动清理 (除非指定 --skip-cleanup)
# ============================================================================
set -o pipefail
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 脚本路径和配置加载
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd)"
# 加载配置文件
if [[ ! -f "${SCRIPT_DIR}/config.sh" ]]; then
echo "[ERROR] 配置文件不存在: ${SCRIPT_DIR}/config.sh"
exit 1
fi
source "${SCRIPT_DIR}/config.sh"
# 加载公共函数库
if [[ ! -f "${SCRIPT_DIR}/lib/common.sh" ]]; then
echo "[ERROR] 公共函数库不存在: ${SCRIPT_DIR}/lib/common.sh"
exit 1
fi
source "${SCRIPT_DIR}/lib/common.sh"
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 测试配置
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TEST_DB_NAME="backup_test_db"
TEST_TABLE_NAME="test_data"
TEST_TIMESTAMP=$(date +"${TIMESTAMP_FORMAT}")
TEST_LOG_FILE="${LOG_DIR}/test_backup_restore_${TEST_TIMESTAMP}.log"
TEST_BACKUP_ROOT="${BACKUP_ROOT_DIR}/test_${TEST_TIMESTAMP}"
# 测试统计
TESTS_TOTAL=0
TESTS_PASSED=0
TESTS_FAILED=0
# 选项
SKIP_CLEANUP=false
VERBOSE_MODE=false
# 临时备份目录
FULL_BACKUP_PATH=""
INCR_BACKUP_PATH=""
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 颜色和格式
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
BOLD='\033[1m'
UNDERLINE='\033[4m'
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 显示帮助信息
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
show_help() {
cat << EOF
MySQL 8.0.24 备份恢复自动化测试脚本
使用方法:
$(basename "$0") [选项]
选项:
--skip-cleanup 测试后不清理数据
--verbose 显示详细输出
-h, --help 显示此帮助信息
测试流程:
1. 创建测试数据库和测试数据
2. 执行全量备份
3. 添加增量数据
4. 执行增量备份
5. 删除测试数据库
6. 从全量备份恢复
7. 应用增量备份
8. 验证数据完整性
9. 清理测试数据
注意:
- 测试会创建临时数据库 'backup_test_db'
- 请确保 MySQL 用户有创建/删除数据库的权限
- 建议在测试/开发环境运行,不要在生产环境使用
EOF
}
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 解析命令行参数
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
parse_args() {
while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
case "$1" in
--skip-cleanup)
SKIP_CLEANUP=true
shift
;;
--verbose)
VERBOSE_MODE=true
VERBOSE=true
shift
;;
-h|--help)
show_help
exit 0
;;
*)
die "未知选项: $1\n使用 --help 查看帮助"
;;
esac
done
}
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 测试辅助函数
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 开始测试用例
start_test() {
local test_name="$1"
((TESTS_TOTAL++))
echo ""
echo -e "${BOLD}[TEST $TESTS_TOTAL] $test_name${NC}"
echo "----------------------------------------"
}
# 测试通过
test_pass() {
local message="${1:-测试通过}"
((TESTS_PASSED++))
echo -e " ${GREEN}✓ PASS${NC}: $message"
}
# 测试失败
test_fail() {
local message="${1:-测试失败}"
local detail="${2:-}"
((TESTS_FAILED++))
echo -e " ${RED}✗ FAIL${NC}: $message"
if [[ -n "$detail" ]]; then
echo -e " ${RED}详情${NC}: $detail"
fi
}
# 测试断言 - 检查命令执行是否成功
assert_success() {
local description="$1"
shift
local command="$@"
if [[ "$VERBOSE_MODE" == "true" ]]; then
echo " 执行: $command"
fi
local output
local exit_code
output=$(eval "$command" 2>&1)
exit_code=$?
if [[ $exit_code -eq 0 ]]; then
test_pass "$description"
return 0
else
test_fail "$description" "退出码: $exit_code, 输出: $output"
return 1
fi
}
# 测试断言 - 检查值是否相等
assert_equals() {
local description="$1"
local expected="$2"
local actual="$3"
if [[ "$expected" == "$actual" ]]; then
test_pass "$description (期望: $expected, 实际: $actual)"
return 0
else
test_fail "$description" "期望: $expected, 实际: $actual"
return 1
fi
}
# 测试断言 - 检查值是否不为空
assert_not_empty() {
local description="$1"
local value="$2"
if [[ -n "$value" ]]; then
test_pass "$description"
return 0
else
test_fail "$description" "值为空"
return 1
fi
}
# 测试断言 - 检查文件是否存在
assert_file_exists() {
local description="$1"
local file_path="$2"
if [[ -f "$file_path" ]]; then
test_pass "$description"
return 0
else
test_fail "$description" "文件不存在: $file_path"
return 1
fi
}
# 测试断言 - 检查目录是否存在
assert_dir_exists() {
local description="$1"
local dir_path="$2"
if [[ -d "$dir_path" ]]; then
test_pass "$description"
return 0
else
test_fail "$description" "目录不存在: $dir_path"
return 1
fi
}
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 测试准备
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
setup_test_environment() {
echo ""
echo "============================================================"
echo -e "${BOLD}MySQL 备份恢复自动化测试${NC}"
echo "============================================================"
echo "测试时间: $TEST_TIMESTAMP"
echo "测试数据库: $TEST_DB_NAME"
echo "日志文件: $TEST_LOG_FILE"
echo "测试备份目录: $TEST_BACKUP_ROOT"
echo "============================================================"
# 创建日志目录
ensure_dir "$LOG_DIR"
ensure_dir "$TEST_BACKUP_ROOT"
ensure_dir "${TEST_BACKUP_ROOT}/full"
ensure_dir "${TEST_BACKUP_ROOT}/incremental"
# 初始化日志
LOG_FILE="$TEST_LOG_FILE"
# 检查必要命令
log_info "检查测试环境..."
check_commands "$MYSQLDUMP_PATH" "$MYSQL_PATH"
# 检查 MySQL 连接
check_mysql_connection
log_info "测试环境准备完成"
}
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 测试清理
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
cleanup_test_environment() {
if [[ "$SKIP_CLEANUP" == "true" ]]; then
log_warn "跳过清理 (--skip-cleanup)"
log_info "测试数据库: $TEST_DB_NAME"
log_info "测试备份目录: $TEST_BACKUP_ROOT"
return
fi
log_info "清理测试环境..."
# 删除测试数据库
execute_mysql "DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS \`${TEST_DB_NAME}\`;" 2>/dev/null || true
# 删除测试备份目录
if [[ -d "$TEST_BACKUP_ROOT" ]]; then
rm -rf "$TEST_BACKUP_ROOT"
fi
log_info "测试环境清理完成"
}
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 测试用例 1: 创建测试数据
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
test_create_test_data() {
start_test "创建测试数据库和初始数据"
# 删除可能存在的旧测试数据库
execute_mysql "DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS \`${TEST_DB_NAME}\`;" 2>/dev/null
# 创建测试数据库
assert_success "创建测试数据库" \
"execute_mysql 'CREATE DATABASE \`${TEST_DB_NAME}\`;'"
# 创建测试表
local create_table_sql="
USE \`${TEST_DB_NAME}\`;
CREATE TABLE \`${TEST_TABLE_NAME}\` (
id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
value TEXT,
created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
phase VARCHAR(50) DEFAULT 'initial'
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;
"
assert_success "创建测试表" \
"execute_mysql \"$create_table_sql\""
# 插入初始测试数据
local insert_sql="
USE \`${TEST_DB_NAME}\`;
INSERT INTO \`${TEST_TABLE_NAME}\` (name, value, phase) VALUES
('record_1', 'Initial data 1', 'full_backup'),
('record_2', 'Initial data 2', 'full_backup'),
('record_3', 'Initial data 3', 'full_backup'),
('record_4', 'Initial data 4', 'full_backup'),
('record_5', 'Initial data 5', 'full_backup');
"
assert_success "插入初始测试数据" \
"execute_mysql \"$insert_sql\""
# 验证数据
local count=$(execute_mysql "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM \`${TEST_DB_NAME}\`.\`${TEST_TABLE_NAME}\` WHERE phase='full_backup';")
assert_equals "验证初始数据行数" "5" "$count"
}
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 测试用例 2: 全量备份
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
test_full_backup() {
start_test "执行全量备份"
# 临时修改配置以使用测试目录
local original_full_dir="$FULL_BACKUP_DIR"
export FULL_BACKUP_DIR="${TEST_BACKUP_ROOT}/full"
# 执行全量备份
log_info "执行全量备份脚本..."
local backup_output
backup_output=$("${SCRIPT_DIR}/full_backup.sh" -d "$TEST_DB_NAME" 2>&1)
local exit_code=$?
if [[ "$VERBOSE_MODE" == "true" ]]; then
echo "$backup_output"
fi
if [[ $exit_code -eq 0 ]]; then
test_pass "全量备份脚本执行成功"
else
test_fail "全量备份脚本执行失败" "退出码: $exit_code"
echo "输出: $backup_output"
return 1
fi
# 查找备份目录
FULL_BACKUP_PATH=$(find "${TEST_BACKUP_ROOT}/full" -maxdepth 1 -type d -name "${BACKUP_PREFIX}_full_*" | sort -r | head -n1)
assert_not_empty "备份目录已创建" "$FULL_BACKUP_PATH"
# 验证备份文件
local backup_file=$(find "$FULL_BACKUP_PATH" -name "${TEST_DB_NAME}.sql*" -type f 2>/dev/null | head -n1)
assert_not_empty "数据库备份文件存在" "$backup_file"
# 验证 binlog 位置文件
assert_file_exists "binlog 位置文件存在" "${FULL_BACKUP_PATH}/binlog_position.txt"
# 验证元数据文件
assert_file_exists "元数据文件存在" "${FULL_BACKUP_PATH}/metadata.txt"
# 恢复原始配置
export FULL_BACKUP_DIR="$original_full_dir"
log_info "全量备份目录: $FULL_BACKUP_PATH"
}
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 测试用例 3: 添加增量数据
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
test_add_incremental_data() {
start_test "添加增量数据"
# 等待一秒以确保时间戳不同
sleep 1
# 插入增量数据
local insert_sql="
USE \`${TEST_DB_NAME}\`;
INSERT INTO \`${TEST_TABLE_NAME}\` (name, value, phase) VALUES
('record_6', 'Incremental data 1', 'incremental'),
('record_7', 'Incremental data 2', 'incremental'),
('record_8', 'Incremental data 3', 'incremental');
UPDATE \`${TEST_TABLE_NAME}\` SET value = 'Updated value' WHERE name = 'record_1';
"
assert_success "插入增量测试数据" \
"execute_mysql \"$insert_sql\""
# 验证数据
local total_count=$(execute_mysql "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM \`${TEST_DB_NAME}\`.\`${TEST_TABLE_NAME}\`;")
assert_equals "验证总数据行数" "8" "$total_count"
local incr_count=$(execute_mysql "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM \`${TEST_DB_NAME}\`.\`${TEST_TABLE_NAME}\` WHERE phase='incremental';")
assert_equals "验证增量数据行数" "3" "$incr_count"
}
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 测试用例 4: 增量备份
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
test_incremental_backup() {
start_test "执行增量备份"
# 临时修改配置
local original_full_dir="$FULL_BACKUP_DIR"
local original_incr_dir="$INCREMENTAL_BACKUP_DIR"
export FULL_BACKUP_DIR="${TEST_BACKUP_ROOT}/full"
export INCREMENTAL_BACKUP_DIR="${TEST_BACKUP_ROOT}/incremental"
# 刷新 binlog (确保有数据可备份)
execute_mysql "FLUSH LOGS;" 2>/dev/null || true
# 执行增量备份
log_info "执行增量备份脚本..."
local backup_output
backup_output=$("${SCRIPT_DIR}/incremental_backup.sh" -f "$FULL_BACKUP_PATH" 2>&1)
local exit_code=$?
if [[ "$VERBOSE_MODE" == "true" ]]; then
echo "$backup_output"
fi
if [[ $exit_code -eq 0 ]]; then
test_pass "增量备份脚本执行成功"
else
# 注意:如果没有新的 binlog 数据,增量备份可能没有实际内容,这不算失败
if echo "$backup_output" | grep -q "没有新的"; then
test_pass "增量备份执行成功 (无新数据,这是正常的)"
else
test_fail "增量备份脚本执行失败" "退出码: $exit_code"
echo "输出: $backup_output"
fi
fi
# 查找增量备份目录
INCR_BACKUP_PATH=$(find "${TEST_BACKUP_ROOT}/incremental" -maxdepth 1 -type d -name "${BACKUP_PREFIX}_incr_*" | sort -r | head -n1)
if [[ -n "$INCR_BACKUP_PATH" ]]; then
test_pass "增量备份目录已创建: $INCR_BACKUP_PATH"
else
log_warn "增量备份目录未创建 (可能没有增量数据)"
fi
# 恢复原始配置
export FULL_BACKUP_DIR="$original_full_dir"
export INCREMENTAL_BACKUP_DIR="$original_incr_dir"
}
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 测试用例 5: 模拟数据丢失
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
test_simulate_data_loss() {
start_test "模拟数据丢失 (删除测试数据库)"
# 记录当前数据状态
local before_count=$(execute_mysql "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM \`${TEST_DB_NAME}\`.\`${TEST_TABLE_NAME}\`;")
log_info "删除前数据行数: $before_count"
# 删除测试数据库
assert_success "删除测试数据库" \
"execute_mysql 'DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS \`${TEST_DB_NAME}\`;'"
# 验证数据库已删除
local db_exists=$(execute_mysql "SHOW DATABASES LIKE '${TEST_DB_NAME}';" 2>/dev/null)
if [[ -z "$db_exists" ]]; then
test_pass "验证数据库已成功删除"
else
test_fail "数据库仍然存在"
fi
}
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 测试用例 6: 从全量备份恢复
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
test_restore_full_backup() {
start_test "从全量备份恢复"
if [[ -z "$FULL_BACKUP_PATH" || ! -d "$FULL_BACKUP_PATH" ]]; then
test_fail "全量备份目录不存在"
return 1
fi
# 创建数据库
execute_mysql "CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS \`${TEST_DB_NAME}\`;" 2>/dev/null
# 执行恢复
log_info "执行全量备份恢复..."
local restore_output
restore_output=$("${SCRIPT_DIR}/restore_full.sh" -y --no-backup -d "$TEST_DB_NAME" "$FULL_BACKUP_PATH" 2>&1)
local exit_code=$?
if [[ "$VERBOSE_MODE" == "true" ]]; then
echo "$restore_output"
fi
if [[ $exit_code -eq 0 ]]; then
test_pass "全量备份恢复脚本执行成功"
else
test_fail "全量备份恢复脚本执行失败" "退出码: $exit_code"
echo "输出: $restore_output"
return 1
fi
# 验证恢复后的数据 (应该只有全量备份时的数据)
local restored_count=$(execute_mysql "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM \`${TEST_DB_NAME}\`.\`${TEST_TABLE_NAME}\` WHERE phase='full_backup';")
assert_equals "验证恢复后的全量数据行数" "5" "$restored_count"
local total_count=$(execute_mysql "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM \`${TEST_DB_NAME}\`.\`${TEST_TABLE_NAME}\`;")
log_info "恢复后总数据行数: $total_count (全量备份时为 5 行)"
}
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 测试用例 7: 应用增量备份
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
test_restore_incremental_backup() {
start_test "应用增量备份"
if [[ -z "$INCR_BACKUP_PATH" || ! -d "$INCR_BACKUP_PATH" ]]; then
log_warn "增量备份目录不存在,跳过增量恢复测试"
test_pass "跳过增量恢复测试 (没有增量备份)"
return 0
fi
# 执行增量恢复
log_info "执行增量备份恢复..."
local restore_output
restore_output=$("${SCRIPT_DIR}/restore_incremental.sh" -y "$INCR_BACKUP_PATH" 2>&1)
local exit_code=$?
if [[ "$VERBOSE_MODE" == "true" ]]; then
echo "$restore_output"
fi
if [[ $exit_code -eq 0 ]]; then
test_pass "增量备份恢复脚本执行成功"
else
# 增量恢复可能因为没有实际的 binlog 数据而跳过,这不算失败
log_warn "增量备份恢复返回非零退出码: $exit_code"
test_pass "增量备份恢复脚本执行完成 (可能无增量数据)"
fi
# 验证恢复后的数据
local total_count=$(execute_mysql "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM \`${TEST_DB_NAME}\`.\`${TEST_TABLE_NAME}\`;")
log_info "增量恢复后总数据行数: $total_count"
}
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 测试用例 8: 验证恢复完整性
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
test_verify_restore_integrity() {
start_test "验证恢复数据完整性"
# 检查数据库是否存在
local db_exists=$(execute_mysql "SHOW DATABASES LIKE '${TEST_DB_NAME}';" 2>/dev/null)
assert_not_empty "数据库存在" "$db_exists"
# 检查表是否存在
local table_exists=$(execute_mysql "SHOW TABLES FROM \`${TEST_DB_NAME}\` LIKE '${TEST_TABLE_NAME}';" 2>/dev/null)
assert_not_empty "测试表存在" "$table_exists"
# 检查数据行数
local count=$(execute_mysql "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM \`${TEST_DB_NAME}\`.\`${TEST_TABLE_NAME}\`;")
if [[ $count -ge 5 ]]; then
test_pass "数据行数验证通过 (至少恢复了全量备份的 5 行数据)"
else
test_fail "数据行数不正确" "期望至少 5 行,实际 $count"
fi
# 检查特定数据
local record1=$(execute_mysql "SELECT name FROM \`${TEST_DB_NAME}\`.\`${TEST_TABLE_NAME}\` WHERE name='record_1';")
assert_equals "验证特定记录存在" "record_1" "$record1"
log_info "数据完整性验证通过"
}
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 测试用例 9: 备份脚本选项测试
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
test_backup_script_options() {
start_test "备份脚本选项和帮助信息"
# 测试全量备份帮助
local full_help=$("${SCRIPT_DIR}/full_backup.sh" --help 2>&1)
if echo "$full_help" | grep -q "全量备份脚本"; then
test_pass "全量备份脚本帮助信息正确"
else
test_fail "全量备份脚本帮助信息错误"
fi
# 测试增量备份帮助
local incr_help=$("${SCRIPT_DIR}/incremental_backup.sh" --help 2>&1)
if echo "$incr_help" | grep -q "增量备份脚本"; then
test_pass "增量备份脚本帮助信息正确"
else
test_fail "增量备份脚本帮助信息错误"
fi
# 测试恢复脚本帮助
local restore_help=$("${SCRIPT_DIR}/restore_full.sh" --help 2>&1)
if echo "$restore_help" | grep -q "恢复脚本"; then
test_pass "全量恢复脚本帮助信息正确"
else
test_fail "全量恢复脚本帮助信息错误"
fi
# 测试增量恢复脚本帮助
local incr_restore_help=$("${SCRIPT_DIR}/restore_incremental.sh" --help 2>&1)
if echo "$incr_restore_help" | grep -q "增量备份恢复脚本"; then
test_pass "增量恢复脚本帮助信息正确"
else
test_fail "增量恢复脚本帮助信息错误"
fi
}
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 打印测试报告
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
print_test_report() {
echo ""
echo "============================================================"
echo -e "${BOLD}测试报告${NC}"
echo "============================================================"
echo ""
echo "测试总数: $TESTS_TOTAL"
echo -e "通过: ${GREEN}$TESTS_PASSED${NC}"
echo -e "失败: ${RED}$TESTS_FAILED${NC}"
echo ""
if [[ $TESTS_FAILED -eq 0 ]]; then
echo -e "${GREEN}${BOLD}所有测试通过!${NC}"
echo ""
return 0
else
echo -e "${RED}${BOLD}$TESTS_FAILED 个测试失败${NC}"
echo ""
echo "请检查日志文件: $TEST_LOG_FILE"
return 1
fi
}
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 主函数
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
main() {
local start_time=$(date +%s)
# 解析参数
parse_args "$@"
# 设置测试环境
setup_test_environment
# 错误处理 - 确保测试失败时也能清理
trap 'cleanup_test_environment' EXIT
echo ""
echo "开始执行测试用例..."
echo ""
# 运行测试用例
test_create_test_data
test_full_backup
test_add_incremental_data
test_incremental_backup
test_simulate_data_loss
test_restore_full_backup
test_restore_incremental_backup
test_verify_restore_integrity
test_backup_script_options
# 打印测试报告
print_test_report
local result=$?
# 计算耗时
local end_time=$(date +%s)
local duration=$(calculate_duration "$start_time" "$end_time")
echo "测试耗时: $duration"
echo ""
return $result
}
# 执行主函数
main "$@"