452 lines
15 KiB
Bash
452 lines
15 KiB
Bash
#!/bin/bash
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# ============================================================================
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# MySQL 8.0.24 全量备份恢复脚本
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# ============================================================================
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# 作者: AI Assistant
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# 版本: 1.0.0
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# 说明: 从全量备份恢复 MySQL 数据库
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#
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# 功能特点:
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# - 支持恢复全部数据库或指定数据库
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# - 自动解压压缩备份
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# - 恢复前可选择性备份当前数据
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# - 支持验证恢复结果
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#
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# 使用方法:
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# ./restore_full.sh [选项] <备份目录>
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#
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# 选项:
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# -d, --database <name> 仅恢复指定数据库
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# -y, --yes 跳过确认提示
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# --no-backup 恢复前不备份当前数据
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# -h, --help 显示帮助信息
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#
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# 警告:
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# 恢复操作会覆盖现有数据，请确保已做好备份！
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# ============================================================================
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set -o pipefail
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# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# 脚本路径和配置加载
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# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd)"
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# 加载配置文件
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if [[ ! -f "${SCRIPT_DIR}/config.sh" ]]; then
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echo "[ERROR] 配置文件不存在: ${SCRIPT_DIR}/config.sh"
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exit 1
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fi
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source "${SCRIPT_DIR}/config.sh"
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# 加载公共函数库
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if [[ ! -f "${SCRIPT_DIR}/lib/common.sh" ]]; then
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echo "[ERROR] 公共函数库不存在: ${SCRIPT_DIR}/lib/common.sh"
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exit 1
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fi
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source "${SCRIPT_DIR}/lib/common.sh"
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# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# 全局变量
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# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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RESTORE_TIMESTAMP=$(date +"${TIMESTAMP_FORMAT}")
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LOG_FILE="${LOG_DIR}/restore_full_${RESTORE_TIMESTAMP}.log"
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LOCK_FILE="${BACKUP_ROOT_DIR}/.restore.lock"
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BACKUP_PATH=""
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SPECIFIED_DATABASE=""
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SKIP_CONFIRM=false
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NO_BACKUP_BEFORE_RESTORE=false
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# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# 显示帮助信息
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# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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show_help() {
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cat << EOF
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MySQL 8.0.24 全量备份恢复脚本
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使用方法:
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$(basename "$0") [选项] <备份目录>
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选项:
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-d, --database <name> 仅恢复指定数据库
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-y, --yes 跳过确认提示
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--no-backup 恢复前不备份当前数据
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-h, --help 显示此帮助信息
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示例:
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$(basename "$0") /data/mysql_backup/full/mysql_backup_full_20231220_120000
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$(basename "$0") -d mydb /path/to/backup
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$(basename "$0") -y --no-backup /path/to/backup
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警告:
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恢复操作会覆盖现有数据，请确保已做好备份！
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EOF
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}
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# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# 解析命令行参数
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# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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parse_args() {
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while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
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case "$1" in
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-d|--database)
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shift
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if [[ -z "$1" ]]; then
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die "选项 -d/--database 需要一个参数"
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fi
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SPECIFIED_DATABASE="$1"
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shift
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;;
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-y|--yes)
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SKIP_CONFIRM=true
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shift
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;;
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--no-backup)
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NO_BACKUP_BEFORE_RESTORE=true
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shift
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;;
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-h|--help)
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show_help
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exit 0
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;;
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-*)
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die "未知选项: $1\n使用 --help 查看帮助"
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;;
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*)
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if [[ -z "$BACKUP_PATH" ]]; then
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BACKUP_PATH="$1"
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else
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die "多余的参数: $1"
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fi
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shift
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;;
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esac
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done
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if [[ -z "$BACKUP_PATH" ]]; then
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die "请指定备份目录\n使用 --help 查看帮助"
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fi
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}
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# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# 验证备份目录
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# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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validate_backup_dir() {
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log_info "验证备份目录: $BACKUP_PATH"
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if [[ ! -d "$BACKUP_PATH" ]]; then
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die "备份目录不存在: $BACKUP_PATH"
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fi
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# 检查是否有备份文件
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local sql_files=$(find "$BACKUP_PATH" -name "*.sql*" -type f 2>/dev/null)
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if [[ -z "$sql_files" ]]; then
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die "备份目录中没有找到 SQL 备份文件"
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fi
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# 检查元数据文件
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if [[ -f "${BACKUP_PATH}/metadata.txt" ]]; then
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log_info "备份元数据:"
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cat "${BACKUP_PATH}/metadata.txt" | grep -E "^(备份类型|备份时间|备份大小):" | while read line; do
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log_info " $line"
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done
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fi
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log_info "备份目录验证通过"
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}
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# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# 显示备份内容并确认
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# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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confirm_restore() {
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echo ""
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echo "============================================================"
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echo "警告: 即将执行数据库恢复操作"
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echo "============================================================"
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echo ""
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echo "备份目录: $BACKUP_PATH"
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echo "目标服务器: ${MYSQL_HOST}:${MYSQL_PORT}"
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echo "MySQL 用户: $MYSQL_USER"
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if [[ -n "$SPECIFIED_DATABASE" ]]; then
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echo "恢复数据库: $SPECIFIED_DATABASE"
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else
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echo "恢复范围: 所有数据库"
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fi
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echo ""
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echo "备份文件列表:"
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find "$BACKUP_PATH" -name "*.sql*" -type f | while read f; do
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echo " - $(basename "$f") ($(get_file_size "$f"))"
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done
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echo ""
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echo "警告: 此操作将覆盖目标数据库中的现有数据！"
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echo ""
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if [[ "$SKIP_CONFIRM" != "true" ]]; then
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read -p "确认要继续吗? (输入 'yes' 确认): " confirm
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if [[ "$confirm" != "yes" ]]; then
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log_info "操作已取消"
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exit 0
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fi
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else
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log_warn "跳过确认 (-y 参数)"
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fi
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}
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# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# 恢复前备份当前数据
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# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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backup_before_restore() {
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if [[ "$NO_BACKUP_BEFORE_RESTORE" == "true" ]]; then
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log_warn "跳过恢复前备份 (--no-backup 参数)"
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return
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fi
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log_info "恢复前备份当前数据..."
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local pre_restore_dir="${BACKUP_ROOT_DIR}/pre_restore_backup_${RESTORE_TIMESTAMP}"
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ensure_dir "$pre_restore_dir"
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local dump_args="-h${MYSQL_HOST} -P${MYSQL_PORT} -u${MYSQL_USER}"
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if [[ -n "$MYSQL_PASSWORD" ]]; then
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dump_args="$dump_args -p${MYSQL_PASSWORD}"
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fi
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if [[ -n "$SPECIFIED_DATABASE" ]]; then
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# 仅备份指定数据库
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log_info "备份数据库: $SPECIFIED_DATABASE"
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$MYSQLDUMP_PATH $dump_args "$SPECIFIED_DATABASE" > "${pre_restore_dir}/${SPECIFIED_DATABASE}.sql" 2>> "$LOG_FILE"
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else
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# 备份所有数据库
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log_info "备份所有数据库"
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$MYSQLDUMP_PATH $dump_args --all-databases > "${pre_restore_dir}/all_databases.sql" 2>> "$LOG_FILE"
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fi
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log_info "恢复前备份完成: $pre_restore_dir"
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}
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# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# 恢复单个数据库
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# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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restore_database() {
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local db_name="$1"
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local sql_file=""
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# 查找对应的备份文件
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sql_file=$(find "$BACKUP_PATH" -name "${db_name}.sql*" -type f 2>/dev/null | head -n1)
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if [[ -z "$sql_file" ]]; then
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die "找不到数据库 $db_name 的备份文件"
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fi
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log_info "恢复数据库: $db_name"
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log_info "备份文件: $sql_file"
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local mysql_args="-h${MYSQL_HOST} -P${MYSQL_PORT} -u${MYSQL_USER}"
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if [[ -n "$MYSQL_PASSWORD" ]]; then
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mysql_args="$mysql_args -p${MYSQL_PASSWORD}"
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fi
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# 判断是否需要解压
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if [[ "$sql_file" == *.gz ]]; then
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log_info "解压并恢复..."
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if ! gunzip -c "$sql_file" | $MYSQL_PATH $mysql_args "$db_name" 2>> "$LOG_FILE"; then
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die "数据库 $db_name 恢复失败"
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fi
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elif [[ "$sql_file" == *.lz4 ]]; then
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log_info "解压并恢复..."
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if ! lz4 -d -c "$sql_file" | $MYSQL_PATH $mysql_args "$db_name" 2>> "$LOG_FILE"; then
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die "数据库 $db_name 恢复失败"
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fi
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else
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log_info "直接恢复..."
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if ! $MYSQL_PATH $mysql_args "$db_name" < "$sql_file" 2>> "$LOG_FILE"; then
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die "数据库 $db_name 恢复失败"
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fi
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fi
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log_info "数据库 $db_name 恢复成功"
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}
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# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# 恢复所有数据库
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# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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restore_all_databases() {
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# 查找全库备份文件
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local all_db_file=$(find "$BACKUP_PATH" -name "all_databases.sql*" -type f 2>/dev/null | head -n1)
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if [[ -n "$all_db_file" ]]; then
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# 使用全库备份文件
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log_info "使用全库备份文件恢复"
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log_info "备份文件: $all_db_file"
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local mysql_args="-h${MYSQL_HOST} -P${MYSQL_PORT} -u${MYSQL_USER}"
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if [[ -n "$MYSQL_PASSWORD" ]]; then
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mysql_args="$mysql_args -p${MYSQL_PASSWORD}"
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fi
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if [[ "$all_db_file" == *.gz ]]; then
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log_info "解压并恢复..."
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if ! gunzip -c "$all_db_file" | $MYSQL_PATH $mysql_args 2>> "$LOG_FILE"; then
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die "全库恢复失败"
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fi
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elif [[ "$all_db_file" == *.lz4 ]]; then
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log_info "解压并恢复..."
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if ! lz4 -d -c "$all_db_file" | $MYSQL_PATH $mysql_args 2>> "$LOG_FILE"; then
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die "全库恢复失败"
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fi
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else
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log_info "直接恢复..."
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if ! $MYSQL_PATH $mysql_args < "$all_db_file" 2>> "$LOG_FILE"; then
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die "全库恢复失败"
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fi
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fi
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log_info "全库恢复成功"
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else
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# 逐个恢复数据库
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log_info "逐个恢复数据库"
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local sql_files=$(find "$BACKUP_PATH" -name "*.sql*" -type f | grep -v "all_databases")
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if [[ -z "$sql_files" ]]; then
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die "没有找到可恢复的数据库备份文件"
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fi
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while IFS= read -r sql_file; do
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local db_name=$(basename "$sql_file" | sed -E 's/\.sql(\.gz|\.lz4)?$//')
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# 先创建数据库 (如果不存在)
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log_info "确保数据库存在: $db_name"
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execute_mysql "CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS \`${db_name}\`;" 2>> "$LOG_FILE" || true
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restore_database "$db_name"
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done <<< "$sql_files"
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fi
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}
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# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# 验证恢复结果
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# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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verify_restore() {
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log_info "验证恢复结果..."
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if [[ -n "$SPECIFIED_DATABASE" ]]; then
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# 验证指定数据库
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local table_count=$(execute_mysql "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM information_schema.tables WHERE table_schema='${SPECIFIED_DATABASE}';")
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log_info "数据库 $SPECIFIED_DATABASE 包含 $table_count 个表"
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else
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# 验证所有数据库
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local db_count=$(execute_mysql "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM information_schema.schemata WHERE schema_name NOT IN ('information_schema', 'performance_schema', 'sys', 'mysql');")
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log_info "共有 $db_count 个用户数据库"
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fi
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log_info "恢复验证完成"
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}
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# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# 初始化恢复环境
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# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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init_restore() {
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log_info "============================================================"
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log_info "MySQL 全量备份恢复开始"
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log_info "============================================================"
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log_info "恢复时间: $RESTORE_TIMESTAMP"
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log_info "备份目录: $BACKUP_PATH"
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log_info "日志文件: $LOG_FILE"
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log_info "============================================================"
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# 设置错误处理
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setup_error_trap
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# 检查必要命令
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check_commands "$MYSQL_PATH" "gunzip"
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# 检查 MySQL 连接
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check_mysql_connection
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# 创建必要目录
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ensure_dir "$LOG_DIR"
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ensure_dir "$RESTORE_TMP_DIR"
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# 获取锁
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acquire_lock "$LOCK_FILE" "恢复"
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# 设置清理 trap
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trap cleanup_restore EXIT
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}
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# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# 清理函数
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# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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cleanup_restore() {
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local exit_code=$?
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# 释放锁
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release_lock "$LOCK_FILE"
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if [[ $exit_code -ne 0 ]]; then
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log_error "恢复过程中发生错误，退出码: $exit_code"
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send_notification "[失败] MySQL 全量恢复" "恢复失败，请检查日志: $LOG_FILE"
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fi
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}
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# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# 主函数
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# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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main() {
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# 记录开始时间
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START_TIME=$(date +%s)
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# 解析参数
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parse_args "$@"
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# 初始化
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init_restore
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# 验证备份目录
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validate_backup_dir
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# 确认恢复操作
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confirm_restore
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# 恢复前备份
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backup_before_restore
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if [[ -n "$SPECIFIED_DATABASE" ]]; then
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# 恢复指定数据库
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# 先创建数据库 (如果不存在)
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log_info "确保数据库存在: $SPECIFIED_DATABASE"
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execute_mysql "CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS \`${SPECIFIED_DATABASE}\`;" 2>> "$LOG_FILE" || true
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restore_database "$SPECIFIED_DATABASE"
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else
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# 恢复所有数据库
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restore_all_databases
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fi
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# 验证恢复结果
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verify_restore
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# 计算总耗时
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local end_time=$(date +%s)
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local duration=$(calculate_duration "$START_TIME" "$end_time")
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log_info "============================================================"
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log_info "MySQL 全量备份恢复完成"
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log_info "============================================================"
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log_info "执行耗时: $duration"
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log_info "============================================================"
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# 发送成功通知
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send_notification "[成功] MySQL 全量恢复" "恢复完成\n耗时: $duration"
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return 0
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}
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# 执行主函数
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main "$@"
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